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At locations where no tide gauge station is available, gridded sea-level projections can be selected (yellow squares). Gridded sea-level projections come with substantially higher uncertainities. Therefore, we strongly recommend to use projections for tide gauge stations whenever possible!

Sea-level projections are presented relative to 2000 for three scenarios leading to different increases in global mean temperature above pre-industrial levels:

• A scenario staying below 2°C of warming at the end of the century without a further temperature increase beyond 2100.
  (RCP26)
• A scenario reaching a warming of around 2.5°C at the end of the century
  (RCP45)
• A scenario exceeding a warming of 4°C at the end of the century
  (RCP85)

Above scenarios are based on different greenhouse gas emissions from 2006 onwards, clear differences in future sea-level rise, however, only materialise in the second half of the 21st century due to the time-lagged sea-level response to greenhouse gas forcings. For more information on the underlying emission scenarios and the resulting warming trajectories, please see Meinshausen et al. (2011).

A key source of uncertainty in projections of future sea-level rise relates to the contribution of the Antarctic ice sheet. To provide a more comprehensive representation of this component, we also include sea-level projections for selected scenarios with a revised Antarctic ice-sheet contribution based on expert judgement presented in Bamber et al. (2019).

References

Kopp, R. E., Horton, R. M., Little, C. M., Mitrovica, J. X., Oppenheimer, M., Rasmussen, D. J., Strauss, B., Tebaldi, C. (2014). Probabilistic 21st and 22nd century sea-level projections at a global network of tide-gauge sites. Earth’s Future, 2(8), 383–406.

Rasmussen, D. J., Bittermann, K., Buchanan, M. K., Kulp, S., Strauss, B. H., Kopp, R. E., & Oppenheimer, M. (2018). Extreme sea-level implications of 1.5 °c, 2.0 °c, and 2.5 °c temperature stabilization targets in the 21st and 22nd centuries. Environmental Research Letters, 13(3).

Bamber, J. L., Oppenheimer, M., Kopp, R. E., Aspinall, W. P., & Cooke, R. M. (2019). Ice sheet contributions to future sea-level rise from structured expert judgment. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 166(23), 11195–11200.

Meinshausen, M., Smith, S.J., Calvin, K. et al. The RCP greenhouse gas concentrations and their extensions from 1765 to 2300. Climatic Change 109, 213 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0156-z

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Figure: Local sea-level projections at Lime Tree Bay for different global warming trajectories. The solid lines represent multi-model medians, the shaded areas capture the 66% uncertainty range. Dashed lines show median sea-level projections including revised Antarctic ice-sheet contributions from Bamber et al. (2019).

Local Sea Level Rise [cm]
year	median	uncertainty ranges
		66%	90%
2030	14 [15] 14 14 [15]	11-18 [11-19] 10-18 11-18 [11-21]	8-21 [7-23] 8-21 8-21 [8-25]
2050	25 [29] 26 28 [34]	19-33 [20-39] 18-34 21-37 [24-48]	15-39 [14-50] 13-41 16-45 [18-63]
2100	51 [69] 59 77 [113]	32-74 [46-100] 37-85 50-109 [74-176]	21-100 [31-133] 23-111 32-141 [51-256]
2150	74 [113] 94 132 [191]	40-120 [70-171] 51-146 86-191 [125-312]	22-173 [41-229] 26-202 59-253 [86-601]
2200	99 [153] 127 193 [266]	39-177 [92-241] 56-214 117-291 [174-436]	10-276 [52-332] 18-313 77-402 [119-963]

Table: Local sea-level projections at Lime Tree Bay for global warming trajectories shown in Figure above. The second column shows the multi-model median, column three shows the 66% uncertainty range, and column four shows the 90% uncertainty range. Shown in brackets are sea-level projections including revised Antarctic ice-sheet contributions from Bamber et al. (2019).

Show source of variance for: RCP26 RCP45 RCP85